Which effect should the nurse monitor for in a client taking antihistamines?

Antihistamines are commonly used to alleviate allergy symptoms by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms. One of the well-recognized side effects of many antihistamines, especially first-generation ones, is dry mouth. This occurs because antihistamines also block acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that plays a role in the production of saliva. Therefore, when a patient is taking antihistamines, the nurse should monitor for evidence of dry mouth as it can lead to discomfort and difficulties with swallowing or speaking, and may also increase the risk of dental issues.

While monitoring for other potential side effects associated with antihistamines is important, dry mouth is particularly significant because it directly affects the patient’s quality of life and can lead to complications if not addressed. If a patient is experiencing dry mouth, the nurse can suggest strategies such as staying hydrated, using saliva substitutes, and practicing good oral hygiene to manage this side effect effectively.