What is the role of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the female reproductive system?

Luteinizing hormone (LH) plays a crucial role in the female reproductive system, particularly in the processes surrounding ovulation. It is produced by the anterior pituitary gland and is essential for the regulation of the menstrual cycle and for reproductive functions in women.

The primary function of LH is to trigger ovulation, which is the release of a mature egg from the ovary. This process occurs in the middle of the menstrual cycle and is stimulated by a surge in LH levels, often referred to as the LH surge. This surge is preceded by increased estrogen production from the developing follicle, which signals the pituitary gland to release more LH. Once ovulation occurs, the remaining follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which secretes hormones necessary for the next phase of the menstrual cycle.

Understanding the specific role of LH in triggering ovulation is vital for grasping the overall reproductive cycle and the hormonal interplay involved. Other choices may refer to different hormones or stages in the menstrual cycle, but LH's defining characteristic and vital role is its action in stimulating ovulation.